Electronic spectrum of Kekulé patterned graphene considering second neighbor-interactions

Abstract The effects of second-neighbor interactions in Kekulé-Y patterned graphene electronic properties are studied starting from a tight-binding Hamiltonian. Thereafter, low-energy effective Hamiltonian is obtained by projecting the high energy bands at ? point into subspace defined Kekulé wave vector. spectrum low excellent agreement with one numerical diagonalization full main effect second-neighbour interaction that set gains an mass and shift energy, thus lifting degeneracy conduction Dirac point. This band structure akin to ‘pseudo spin-one cone’, result expected for honeycomb lattices distinction between third atoms sublattice. Finally, we present study nanoribbons. shows previous enhanced as width decreases. Moreover, edge states become dispersive, due second neighbors interaction, but here Kek-Y bond texture results hybridization both states. importance realistic models graphene, specially surfaces.